Tsardom of Russia

The Tsardom of Russia was the official name for the Russian state between Ivan IV's assumption of the title of Tsar (Emperor) in 1547 and Peter the Great's foundation of the Russian Empire in 1721.
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The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917.
It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia, and the predecessor of the Soviet Union.
It was the second largest contiguous empire the world had seen, surpassed only by the Mongol Empire.
At one point in 1866, it stretched from eastern Europe, across Asia, and into North America. At the beginning of the 19th century, Russia was the largest country in the world, extending from the Arctic Ocean to the north to the Black Sea on the south, from the Baltic Sea on the west to the Pacific Ocean on the east. Across this vast realm were scattered the Emperor's 176.4 million subjects, the third largest population of the world at the time, after Qing China and British Raj.